发布时间 : 星期一 文章中考英语完形填空解题技巧讲解更新完毕开始阅读d8c6847a25284b73f242336c1eb91a37f11132a6
中考英语完形填空解题技巧讲解
一、考情考项分析
“完形填空”旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力。其中涵盖词语搭配、近义词辨析、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法，又考查逻辑推理和事理推断能力。近几年中考的完形填空仍是选择题型。体裁上有记叙文、议论文、说明文。题材上以思想、文化、商业、生活为主，同时涉及其他话题。设空主要考察动词、名词、形容词、副词。其他偶尔有代词、连词、介词短语。
二、完形填空要求填入的词归类
1．语法结构所要求的功能词。如：连接词、连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词等。
2．具有语法变化的普通词。如：动词的时态、语态、语气，名词的数，代词的格，形容词和副词的等级等。
3．固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。 4．同义词、近义词等易混淆词。
5．根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。
三、“完形填空”题解题策略
1. 浏览—快速浏览,了解大意 (跳过空格，不要看选项）（约两分钟）。 快速阅读一下全文，领会大意，正确分析、归纳文章主旨。 2. 试填—瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破（约八分钟）。
先易后难，逐层深入。在理解文章大意基础上，对每道题所给的词语进行剖析，考虑语境，上下呼应，运用逻辑思维进行推理，再根据自己最有把握的、最熟悉的短语、习惯用语、动词形式和句子结构等，先完成简单的，把难的留在后面。（注意不会的题要做标记）。
3. 攻难—再细读全文，集中精力解决难点，填补空缺。（约两分钟） 4. 检查—复读全文，确保语意连贯，用词准确（约两分钟）。
试填后，再耐心通读全文，认真复查所选答案是否得当，语法是否正确，逻辑推理是否合理。
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四、完形填空解题技巧
技巧1、 充分利用文章中有提示作用的词。
这是完型填空解题时最常用的方法之一。 这些词可以是原词复现、同义词、近义词或反义词, 也可以是并列连词或转折连词等等。试看以下例题： 原词复现：
[例1] One day, he was walking in his garden when he saw a strange 16 with beautiful features(特征) and sweet voice in a tree. Chulong 17 went near the tree and caught the bird, A. cat 反义词：
[例2] Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the 51 one. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work.
A. positive 近义词
[例3]I remember as a child I said something ________about somebody and my father said“Anytime you say something unpleasant about somebody else, it’s a reflection of you.”
A. unkind 转折词
[例4]My main responsibilities were clearing tables, ________ sometimes I helped cook. A. or
B. so
C. but
D. even
B. unnecessary
C. unimportant
D. unusual
B. opposite
C. same
D. wrong
B. bird
C. panda
D. monkey
解析：答案B.本题中前面说我的主要职责是….., 后面应该填写和main有转折意思的词，但是有时候也做饭。
Keys: 例1：B 例2：:B 例3：A 例4：:C
技巧2、词语之间的习惯搭配，或固定搭配。
习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语”，不能随意改动。所以，考生
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平时应掌握好习惯用法和固定短语并记忆。
[例1] They couldn’t read or write. They didn’t like to work and they never ____ baths.
A. took
B. washed
C. ran
D. covered
解析：答案A.本题考查的是固定搭配take a bath，意为“洗澡”。
[例2]This seemed to frightened him, and he _______ the money and gave it to me. A. used up
B. took out
C. put down
D. gave away
解析：答案B.本题考查的是固定搭配take out，意为“拿出（钱）”。“”use up意思是“用光”，“”put down为“放下”，“”give away意思为“分发、泄露、失去”。
[例3] A month after he was born，his mother noticed that his eyes weren't as _______ as a normal baby's.
A．big
B．bigger
C．biggest
D．the biggest
解析：考查形容词的等级及用法。此处是“as＋adj./adv.＋as...”结构，表示“和……一样”，其中adj.和adv.都用原级。故A项正确。
技巧3、结合常识，明辨真伪。
结合各类生活常识和科学常识，选择出正确且符合逻辑的选择。对于这类题，考生平时要做生活中的有心人，留心各种社会现象，积累丰富的生活知识。
[例1] But we ran so much that，afterwards，we had trouble_________. A. speaking
B. moving
C. sleeping
D. breathing
解析：根据常识，跑步太快时，人们会呼吸很困难，所以答案是(D)。 [例2] A major French newspaper mistook his brother for him and carried an article ______ the death of Alfred Nobel. A. introducing
B. announcing
C. implying
D. advertising.
解析：由常识可知，报社应该是(透露；宣布)消息，故用announce(give information about)，所以答案为B.
技巧4、根据词汇意义和用法，辨析词义。
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选项中四个词性一致、意义相近的词是完型填空命题时常用的手段之一。词义辨析法考查的面广，该内容也是英语学习中的一个难点；要做到准确选择，必须在一定的语境或句子中理解，这一方法是我们必须要掌握的。词义辨析法包括各种词性的考查，如名词、介词、代词、动词、形容词等。
[例1] A Japanese manager once said he himself and his workers would all stand while they were having meetings. Do you _________what he means?
A. think
B. guess
C. know
D. understand
解析：C 本段讲述了一个日本经理和他的员工在开会时将都站着。本题问的是你知道他说话的含义吗。
[例2] In England, people don’t like__1___ very much. You can go on a bus, __2___ on a train, and people just sit looking__3___ the windows. Often they read. They read books and newspapers. But they don’t talk…….
1.A. laughing 2.A. or 3.A. from
B. going out B. and
C. talking C. either C. at
D. playing D. but D. out of
B. through
Keys:1. C 2.A 3.D
技巧5、根据作者的观点、态度推断。
推断类题在完形填空中是最常见的，考生首先要弄清楚主人公身份，所处环境等，进而理解语境，体悟作者的观点、态度来确定选项。
[例1] Life is very _______ ,so don’t rush to make decisions. Life doesn’t let you plan. A. hard
B. busy
C. short
D. long
解析：答案D.本题中说不要着急做决定，体悟作者表达的意思是：生命很长，不要着急….。
[例2] He told his dad that Kate was scratching (划损）the newly bought car with a nail. Mr Smith ran outside and became very ________as soon as he saw it. A. happy
B. angry
C. brave
D. relaxed
解析：答案B.本题中Kate划坏了车，所以故事的主人公应该很生气。
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