·¢²¼Ê±¼ä : 2024/5/29 3:05:36 ÐÇÆÚÈý ÎÄÕÂ2014¸ß¿¼»¯Ñ§ÎÞ»ú¿òͼÍƶÏÊÔÌâרÏîÍ»ÆƸüÐÂÍê±Ï¿ªÊ¼ÔĶÁd308dbd6aeaad1f347933f16

64¡¢£¨1£©NH4HCO3»ò(NH4)2CO3 NO2 £¨2£©4NH3+5O2 4NO+6H2O £¨3£©

2CO2+2Na2O2=2Na2CO3+O2 65¡¢£¨1£©W£ºNH4Cl¡¢C£ºH2 £¨2£©2 NH4Cl£½Cl2¡ü+H2¡ü+NH3¡ü £¨3£©¢Ù:3 Cl2+2NH3=6HCl+N2¡¢

£«

¢Ú£ºMg3N2+6H2O=3Mg(OH)2¡ý+2NH3¡ü £¨4£©Mg2++2NH3+2H2O=Mg(OH)2¡ý+2NH4 £¨5£©ÂÔ 66¡¢ (1)A£ºKCl E£ºÁò»¯ÑÇÌú (2)2Fe3++H2S=2Fe2++S¡ý+2H+ (3) 4Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O=4Fe(OH)3 £¨4£©¢Ù2Fe3++Cu=2Fe2++Cu2+¡¢ Fe+Cu2+=Fe2++Cu¡ý 67¡¢£¨1£©Áò»¯ï§ ÑõÆø Ë® £¨2£©ÁòËá 2SO2+O2

2SO3 £¨3£©HNO3 4NH3+5O2

4NO+6H2O 68¡¢£¨1£©H3PO4 £¨2£©5£»4 £¨3£©PCl5+4H2O H3PO4+5HCl 69¡¢£¨1£©NO H2 £¨2£©Èý½Ç׶ÐÍ £¨3£©3Mg+N2=Mg3N2 £¨4£©4NH3+5O2

4NO+6H2O £¨5£©¸ß NO2·Ö×ÓÏ໥·´Ó¦ÓÐN2O4Éú³É£¨2NO2 N2O4£©

£­

£­

70¡¢£¨1£©K2SO3¡¢BaCl2 £¨2£©SO2+Cl2+2H2O=4H++SO42+Cl £¨3£©£¨4£©ÂÔ£¨5£©2KCl+2H2O£½2KOH+H2¡ü+ Cl2 ¡ü 71¡¢£¨1£©2H2+O2£½2H2O£¨2£©Al£¨»òSi£©£¨3£©2Na2O2+2H2O£½4NaOH+O2¡ü Al2O3+2NaOH£½2NaAlO2+H2O£¨»òSiO2+2NaOH£½Na2SiO3+H2O£© 72¡¢£¨1£©H2O £¨2£©Na2S £¨3£©2Al£¨OH£©3 Al2O3+3H2O £¨4£©2H2S+SO2 3S+2H2O

£­

73¡¢£¨1£©NaOH NH3¡¤H2O NaHCO3 Ba(NO3)2 Al2(SO4)3 £¨2£©ÂÔ £¨3£©Al3++3HCO3£½

Al(OH)3¡ý+3CO2¡ü

74¡¢£¨1£© 3Fe+4H2O(Æø) Fe3O4+4H2 ˵Ã÷£º²»Ð´Ìõ¼þ¿Û·Ö£¬²»

Åäƽ¿Û·Ö£¬»¯Ñ§Ê½Ð´´í²»µÃ·Ö£¨ÏÂͬ£©¡£ £¨2£©Mg £¬O£½C£½O£¬ 2Mg+CO2

2MgO+C ˵Ã÷£º´ð°¸ºÏÀí¾ù¸ø·Ö¡£

75¡¢£¨1£©FeCl2 ¡¢Na2S¡¢FeSO4¡¢Fe(OH)3 £¨2£©¢ÙFeS+2H+=Fe2++H2S¡ü¢ÚSO2+2Fe3++2H2O=SO42-

£­

+2Fe2++4H+ ¢ÛFe3++3OH=Fe(OH)3¡ý 76¡¢£¨1£©

¡­¡­2·Ö£¨2£©2NaCl+2H2O

2NaOH+H2¡ü+Cl2¡ü

2Cl2+2Ca(OH)2=CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+2H2O 77¡¢£¨1£©Fe NO Mg£¨2£©¢ÙC+4HNO3(Ũ) =3Fe(NO3)3+NO¡ü+2H2O ¢Û2Mg+CO2

CO2¡ü+4NO2¡ü+2H2O ¢Ú3Fe(NO3)2+4HNO3£¨Ï¡£©2MgO+C

CO¡ü+H2¡ü

78¡¢£¨1£©A : CH4 D : CO F : CuÒÒ: CuO£¨2£©C2H2(µç×ÓʽÂÔ) £¨3£©H2O+C ¸ßÎÂ

¡÷ 3+5O2 79¡¢£¨1£©ÂÔ£¬CaCO3£¬HNOCaC2+2H2O Ca(OH)2+C2H2¡ü 4NH3 £¨2£©

´ß»¯¼Á

4NO+6H2O

£¨3£©NH4++HCO3¡ª+2OH¡ª£½NH3¡ü+2H2O+CO32¡ª

£­£­

80¡¢£¨1£©H£ºH£¨2£©Fe+2FeCl3===3FeCl2 £¨3£©¼î£» AlO2+2H2O Al(OH)3+OH£¨4£©FeO 81¡¢£¨1£©HCl£¬Fe£¨2£©´ß»¯Ñõ»¯£¨3£©Fe3O4+8HCl 2FeCl3+FeCl2+4H2O£¨4£©KClO3 H2O2 £»2:1 82¡¢£¨1£©H2SO4 £¬B£¾C»òrB£¾rC»òrN£¾rO £¨2£©3H2S+SO3 4S+3H2O£¨Î´Åäƽ²»µÃ·Ö£© £¨3£©NH4HSO4 83¡¢£¨1£©11.2

£­£­£«

£¨2£©2S2£«SO32£«6H£½3S¡ý£«3H2O

£¨3£©SO2£«Br2+2H2O£½H2SO4+2HBr£»·Ö×Ó £¨4£©S(s)+O2(g)£½SO2(g)£»¦¤H=-296kJ/mol£»

£¨5£©

3NH5+AlCl3+3H2O£½Al(OH)3¡ý+3NH4Cl+3H2¡ü£¨·Ö²½Ð´Ò²µÃ·Ö£©

84¡¢£¨1£©¡¢H2£»ÏõËá泥¨2£©¡¢

£¨3£©¡¢1 £º2

£¨4£©¡¢NaCl+CO2+NH3+H2O=NH4Cl+NaHCO3¡ý£© £¨5£©¡¢NH4Cl ¡¢NH4NO3 ¡¢(NH4)2SO4 ¡¢(NH4)2CO3 ¡¢NH4HCO3 (CH3COONH4 »òHCOONH4 µÈÓлúËáµÄï§Ñξù¿É¡£)

85¡¢ O=C=O Mg2+[ :O:]2 2Mg+CO2

£­

£­

£­

2MgO+C £¨2£©¢ÙËÄ¡¢¢ø¢ÚFe+2Fe3+=3Fe2+£¨2

·Ö£©¢Û2Fe2++4Br+3Cl2=2Fe3+2Br2+6Cl

86£®£¨13·Ö£©£¨1£©Mg£¬·ÀÖ¹Mg2+Ë®½â£¨Ã¿¿Õ2·Ö£¬¹²4·Ö£©

£¨2£©4NH3+5O2 4NO+5H2O C+4HNO3£¨Å¨£© CO2¡ü+4NO2¡ü+2H2O

£­

£¨3£©2NH4++2e ¡ú2NH3¡ü+H2¡ü£¨Ã¿¿Õ3·Ö£¬¹²9·Ö£© 87¡¢ ¢Å

£­

£»Èý£»¢óA

¢ÆAl3++3AlO2+6H2O = 4Al(OH)3¡ý£¨3·Ö£© Fe2O3+2Al

2Fe + Al2O3 £¨3·Ö£©£¨Fe2O3Èôд³ÉFeO»òFe3O4²¢ÅäƽҲ¿ÉÒÔ£©

¢Ç·Ö×Ó ¢È 1¡Ã104

£­£­

88¡¢£¨1£©Fe(OH)3 £¨2£©Fe+2Fe3+=3Fe2+ £¨3£©2Al+2OH+2H2O=2AlO2+3H2¡ü £¨4£©2HCl+NaClO=NaCl+Cl2¡ü+H2O £¨5£©NaClO3 89¡¢ (1)H2O N2 Ag HCl (2)4NH3+5O2

4NO+6H2O (3)AgN3£¬

90¡¢£¨1£©Al

£¨2£©Ä³Ð©½ðÊôÒ±Á¶»òijЩ³¡ºÏº¸½Ó¸Ö¹ì»ò¶¨Ïò±¬ÆÆʱÈ۶ϸֽ˵Ã÷£ºÖ»Òª´ð³öÈÎÒâÒ»µã»òÆäËûºÏÀí´ð°¸¾ù¸ø·Ö£©

DZͧÖУ¨Ì«¿Õ²ÕÖлò¸ßÔ­µÈÌõ¼þÏ£©µÄ¹©Ñõ

£¨3£©2Na2O2+2CO2£½2Na2CO3+O2

£­£­

Al2O3+2OH£½2AlO2£«H2O

£­

2AlO2£«3H2O£«CO2£½2Al(OH)3¡ý+CO32- 91¡¢ ¢ÅAlN£¬ Ô­×Ó ¢ÆAlN+NaOH+H2O==NaAlO2+NH3¡ü 3NO2+H2O==2HNO3+NO ¢ÇAl4SiC4 92¡¢£¨1£©Fe(OH)3£»HCl

£¨2£©ÈÜÒº±äΪºìÉ«£»ºìºÖÉ«£¨1·Ö£©£¬Fe3++3H2O

Fe(OH)3(½ºÌå)+3H+£»

ÏÈÓкìºÖÉ«³ÁµíÉú³É£¬ºó³ÁµíÖð½¥Èܽ⣬µÃµ½×Ø»ÆÉ«ÈÜÒº¡£ £¨3£©(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2¡£ £¨4£©¢Ú2NH4++Fe2++4OH

£­

£­

£­

£­

2NH3¡ü+Fe(OH)2¡ý+2H2O

¢ÛCl2+2OH=Cl+ClO+H2O

£­

¢Ý2Fe2++Cl2=2Fe3++2Cl 93¡¢£¨1£© £¨2£©4NH3+5O2

CaC2 4NO+6H2O

4NO+3O2+2H2O£½4HNO3

£­£­

£¨3£©NH4++HCO3+Ca2++2OH£½NH3?H2O£«CaCO3¡ý+H2O £¨²úÎïдΪNH3Ò²¸ø·Ö£©

£­£­

£¨4£©2H++2e-£½H2¡ü£¬4OH£­4e£½2H2O£«O2¡ü 94¡¢£¨1£©AC £¨2£©½ðÊô

ÒòΪEΪÎÞÑõËᣬDΪÎÞÑõËáÑΣ¬ËùÒÔBΪ·Ç½ðÊô£¬ÔòAΪ½ðÊô¡£ £¨3£©2H++Fe£½Fe2++H2¡ü £¨4£©Éú³É×غìÉ«µÄÑÌ 4FeCl2+10H2O+O2

4Fe(OH)3¡ý+8HCl¡ü 2 Fe(OH)3

Fe2O3+3H2O

95¡¢£¨1£©CO2¡¢H2O £¨2£©CO¡¢H2¡¢Fe¡¢H2S¡¢C£¨3£© £¨4£©3Fe+4H2O

Fe3O4+4H2

96¡¢£¨1£©FeCl3 KOH AgCl £¨2£©Fe+2H+£½Fe2++H2¡ü £¨3£©4Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O£½4Fe(OH)3 97¡¢£¨1£©ËÄ£»VIII£¨2£©:O::C::O:£¨3£©3Fe3O4+8Al

£­

4Al2O3+9Fe £¨4£©2Al+2OH+2H2O=2AlO2

£­

+3H2¡ü£¨5£©3Fe+4H2O(g) Fe3O44H2¡ü

£¨6£©Ã¾´ø¾çÁÒȼÉÕ£¬·Å³öÒ«Ñ۵Ĺ⣬ƿ±Ú³öÏÖ°×É«¹ÌÌåºÍºÚÉ«¿ÅÁ££º 2Mg+CO2

2MgO+C

98¡¢ FeS H2S FeCl3 Fe£¨OH£©3 Fe2O3 FeS+2HCl=FeCl2+H2S¡ü 2FeCl2+Cl2=2FeCl3 99¡¢ ¢ÙAl3+¡¢Fe2+¡¢Br¡ª¡¢SO42¡ª ¢ÚÎÞ¡£SO32¡ªÀë×ÓÓëAl3+¡¢Fe2+²»Äܹ²´æ ¢ÛFe(OH)3£»Mg(OH)2

100¡¢ ¢ÅAl Fe2O3¢ÆµÚËÄÖÜÆÚ¢ø×å¢Ç2Al+Fe2O3 2Fe+Al2O3

¢È2Al+2OH¡ª+2H2O===2NaAlO2+3H2¡ü 2Fe3++Fe==3Fe2+ 101¡¢ ¢ÅAl£¬O2¡£¢Æ3Fe£«4H2O£½Fe3O4£«4H2£¨Ìõ¼þ£º¸ßΣ©£»¢Ç0.75 mol¡£ 102¡¢ ¢ÅFeSO4£»H2S¡£

£«£«£­£«

¢Æ2Fe3£«SO2£«2H2O£½2Fe2£«SO42£«4H¡£

£«£­£­

¿¼µã£ºFe3+ÓëH2SµÄ·´Ó¦£¬Fe(OH)2ÔÚ¿ÕÆøÖб»Ñõ»¯£¬Al(OH)3µÄÁ½ÐÔ£¬Al3ÓëHS¡¢AlO2µÄË«Ë®½â·´Ó¦ 103¡¢ ¢ÅA¡¢NaOH B¡¢Fe2(SO4)3 M¡¢H2S N¡¢H2SO4 ¢Æ¢ñ¡¢2Fe3++H2S£½2Fe2++S¡ý+2H+

£­

¢ò¡¢Al3++3HS+3H2O£½Al(OH)3¡ý+3H2S

£­

¢ó¡¢Al3++3AlO2+6H2O£½4Al(OH)3¡ý 104¡¢ A

£«£­£«

105¡¢£¨1£©Al2O3Cl2Al(OH)3£¨2£©Èý¢óA£¨3£©MnO2£«4H£«2ClMn2£«Cl2¡ü£«2H2Oal(OH)3

£­£­

£«OH£½AlO2£«2H2O£¨4£©ÂÁÓöµ½ÀäŨÏõËá¶Û»¯£¨5£©0.5mol

£«£­£«£­

106¡¢£¨1£©S£¨2£©Al3£«3HCO3£½Al(OH)3¡ý£«3CO2¡ü£¨3£©BaCO3£»BaSO4£¨4£©Na¡¢S2¡¢

£­£­

SO32¡¢AlO2 107¡¢£¨1£©FeCl2 KCl £¨2£©4Fe(OH)2£«O2£«2H2O£½4Fe(OH)3

£«£­£«£«£«

(3)Fe3£«SCN£½Fe(SCN)2 2Fe3£«Fe£½3Fe2 108¡¢£¨1£©Àë×Ó¼ü¡¢·Ç¼«ÐÔ¼ü£¨»ò¹²¼Û¼ü£©

£¨2£©Fe2O3+ 6H+===2Fe3++ 3H2O Fe2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH 2Fe(OH)3¡ý+3Na2SO4 £¨3£©FeS2(s) + 11/4 O2(g)¸ßÎÂ1/2 Fe2O3(s) + 2SO2(g)£»¦¤H=£­852 kJ/mol 109´ð°¸£º£¨Ã¿Ð¡Ìâ2·Ö£¬¹²10·Ö£©£¨1£©BDCA CBDA µÈ£¨2£©E¡¢C

£¨3£©ÔÚHClÆøÁ÷ÖÐÍÑË®£¬·ÀÖ¹MgCl2Ë®½â£¨4£©D£¨5£©MgSO4 ¡¢NaCl£» KCl

110£®ÔÚ¸ßÖÐ֪ʶ·¶Î§ÄÚ£¬Ò»ÖÖµ¥ÖÊÄܸúNaOHÈÜÒº·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÒ»ÖÖ»¯ºÏÎïºÍÇâÆø£¬¿ÉÁªÏëµ½Al£¬Èç¹ûµ¥ÖÊAÊÇAl£¬Ôò»¯ºÏÎïÒÒÊÇNaAlO2£¬»¯ºÏÎﶡÊÇAl(OH)3£¬»¯ºÏÎï¼×ÊÇAl2O3£¬´Ó¶ø·´ÍƳöµ¥ÖÊBÊÇO2

¡ª

´ð°¸£º(1)A1 O2(2) Al2O3£«2NaOH=2NaAO2£«H2O(3) AlO2£«CO2£«2H2O=Al(OH)3¡ý£«

¡ª¡ª¡ª

HCO3»ò2AlO2£«CO2£«2H2O=2Al(OH)3¡ý£«CO32Ò»ÖÖµ¥ÖʸúNaOHÈÜÒº·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÒ»ÖÖ»¯ºÏÎïºÍÇâÆø£¬»¹¿ÉÁªÏëµ½Si£¬Èç¹ûµ¥ÖÊAÊÇSi£¬Ôò»¯ºÏÎïÒÒÊÇNa2SiO3£¬»¯ºÏÎﶡÊÇH2SiO3£¬»¯ºÏÎï¼×ÊÇSiO2£¬´Ó¶ø·´ÍƳöµ¥ÖÊBÊÇO2¹Ê±¾Ì⻹¿ÉÄÜÊÇÁíÒ»×é´ð°¸¡£ (1)Si O2

(2)Si£«2NaOH£«H2O =Na2SiO3£«2H2¡ü

¡ª¡ª¡ª

(3) SiO32£«CO2£«H2O=H2SiO3¡ý£«CO32 (CO2¹ýÁ¿Éú³ÉHCO3) 111£®£¨1£©S¡¢Al£¨2£©Na¡¢Al¡¢S¡¢O £¨3£©2Na2O2 +2CO2 = 2Na2CO3 + O2

£¨£´£© 3S + 6 OH = 2 S2 + SO32 + 3 H2O 112£®£¨14·Ö£©£¨1£©£¨2·Ö£©Çâ £¨2£©£¨7·Ö£©H : O : H ¸ß ¾§Ìå½á¹¹ÖУ¬H2O·Ö×Ó¼ä´æÔÚÇâ¼ü£¬±ÈH2S·Ö×ÓÖ®¼äµÄ×÷ÓÃÁ¦´ó£¬ËùÒÔÈÛµã¸ß¡£ ¡§ £¨3£©£¨2·Ö£©Al3++3H2O Al£¨OH£©¡§ + 3+3H £¨4£©£¨3·Ö£©H<0

113£® £¨1£©(NH4)SO4 (NH4)2SO4+Ba(OH)2=BaSO4¡ý+2NH3¡ü+2H2O

£­

£¨2£©¢ÙAl3++3HCO3====Al(OH)3¡ý+3CO2¡ü ¢ÚAl2(SO4)3

£­

£¨3£©Ca(HCO3)2 2C2H2(g)+5O2(g)====4CO2+2H2O(1) ¡÷H=£­2600kJ¡¤mol1

¡ª

£­

£­