发布时间 : 星期四 文章Inversion(倒置法)更新完毕开始阅读b4c5dc250722192e4536f6d0
Inversion（倒置法）
Inversion of Word Order in Translating Word-Groups or Phrases（词组或短语的词序倒置）
Examples & Drills 8.1
Give Chinese equivalents for the following, paying attention to the word order:
1. Four cardinal points: north, south, east, and west.
2. northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest; North and South Poles 3. card-playing, letter-writing, white-washing, absent-minded, open-door policy, time-sharing system, error correcting code 4. contradictions between ourselves and the enemy
5. men and women, young and old; sisters and brothers (cf. boys and girls); dear mother and father 6. the iron and steel industry
7. sooner or later; quick of eye and deft of hand
8. heal the wounded and rescue the dying; life or death; now sink, now emerge
9. the soil and water mixture
10. you, he and I; Lisa, Linda and I; my wife (husband) and I 11. rich and poor
12. food, clothing and housing 13. negative and positive
14. hot and cold (water); hard and soft; old and new
15. back and forth; to and fro 16. by twos and threes 17. right and left 18. loss and gain
19. land and water; fire and water; as well blended as milk and water 20. track and field (events) 21. model worker
The coordinating words of an English word-group or phrase are usually arranged according to their shades of meaning: “each is more impressive than the preceding” (Fowler 1965:92). Chinese word order is often the opposite. Thus a common rule for translation is:
English Chinese narrower range → wider wider range → narrower range range less important → more more important → less important weaker → stronger Examples:
1. 无地和少地的农民
peasants who had little or no land
2. 丰收年多积累一点，灾荒年或半灾荒年就不积累或少积累一点。 Accumulate more in good years and less or none in years when the
important stronger → weaker crops half fail or totally fail. 3. 受打击、排斥或轻视
be slighted, pushed aside or attacked 4. 知识分子和青年学生
students and intellectuals 5. 中小国家
small and medium-sized countries
6. 我们并不认为，他们必须或者应当采取我们的做法。 We do not maintain that they should or must adopt our way.
Inversion of Word Order in Translating Attributes（定语的词序倒置） Invert the word order of the attributive and the noun (倒置定语与名词的词序)
Examples:
1. consul general总领事 2. letters patent 特许状，专利证
3. court-martial军事法庭 4. from time immemorial自远古以来
Drills 8.2.1
7. a minister designate 8. ambassador plenipotentiary 9. professor emeritus
10. knight errant
11. the heir male (apparent) 12. the body politic
5. God Almighty万能的神（上帝）
6. the bride elect待嫁的新娘
13. corps diplomatique 14. poet laureate 15.
malice
prepense
(aforethought) 16. proof positive 17. the rent due 18. a battle royal 19. fibre glass 20. Central Texas 21. sum total
22. third person singular