发布时间 : 星期三 文章高英十大修辞手法总结更新完毕开始阅读9e96fc503169a4517623a340
Onomatopoeia （拟声） Alliteration(头韵) Simile（明喻） Metaphor（隐喻） Metonymy（转喻） Irony(反语) Repetition重复 Parallelism平行结构: Personification(拟人) Analogy类比
1.Onomatopoeia （拟声）: to produce sound effect
In describing the sounds heard at the bazaar, the author supplies readers with a batch of verbs and nouns.
tinkle bang clash creak squeak rumble grunt groan
2.Alliteration(头韵):
Clean & Clear； hip hop dull, drilled, docile... （L5） for his hearth and home （L5）
3.Simile（明喻）: a comparison between two unlike things having at least one quality or characteristic in common.
Tenor主体: the subject of the comparison
Vehicle喻体: the image of which this idea is conveyed
The vehicle is almost always introduced by the word \like\\1/The bus (tenor主体) went as slowly similarity as a snail (vehicle喻体). 2/The water lay grey and wrinkled like an elephant's skin. 3/ Her eyes were jet black, and her hair was like a waterfall. 4/ I am as busy as a bee.
4.Metaphor（隐喻）: a comparison between two unlike things, but the comparison is implied rather than stated.
Contrary to a simile in which the resemblance between two unlike things is clearly stated, in a metaphor nothing is mentioned.
The essential form: A is B and all forms of metaphor can be condensed into this form. 1/Snow clothes the ground.
Snow (A---tenor主体) is clothe (B---vehicle喻体).
2/Boys and girls, tumbling in the streets and playing, were moving jewels. Boy (A---tenor) is jewel (B---vehicle) . 3/ The ship ploughed the sea.
Ship (A --- tenor) is plough (B ---vehicle) More examples:
She washed us in a river of...burned us... Pressed us ...to shove us away. (L4) stare down any disaster in her efforts... (L4 cataract of horrors (L5)
rid the earth of his shadow...liberate people from his yoke(L5)
5.Analogy(类比) is a form of comparison which draws a parallel between two unlike things that have some common qualities or points of resemblance. It is
chiefly used for the purpose of persuasion or for the explanation of an idea or working concept. It is especially helpful in explaining abstract ideas.
1/ Just as men are killing such large number of elephants for their tusks that they will soon extinguish, we are using and destroying resources in such a big amount that we are disturbing the balance between daylight and darkness. (L3)
6.Metonymy（转喻） is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the name of one thing for that of another. In other words, it involves a “change of name,” the substituted name suggesting the thing meant.
Metonymy can be derived from various sources—from names of persons, from animals, professions, locations, place names, etc. Names of persons
Have you ever read Mark Twain?
John Bull—Britain, or the British people Uncle Sam—U.S.A. Ivan—the Russian people Animals
The British Lion— The Polar Bear— Professions
The press—newspapers; journalists The bar—the legal profession
Locations of government, headquarters, etc. Capitol Hill—legislative branch of US Government The Pentagon—US military establishment Kremlin—Russian Government Wall Street— Hollywood— Others
The pen— the crown—
7.Repetition重复:
A/ Repetition of the same word or structure: 1/We have but one aim and one single purpose 2/ Nothing will turn us---nothing
3/ We will never parley, we will never negotiate... 4/ This is our policy and this is our declaration
B/ Repetition of the same meaning with different words: 1/as we shall faithfully and steadfastly
2/ We have but one aim, one single irrevocable purpose.
8.Parallelism平行结构:
1/ The past, with its crimes, its follies, and its tragedies.
2/ the return of the bread-winner, of their champion, of their protector
3/ I see,...I see...I see…
4/ We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air
9..Personification(拟人) is a figure of speech that gives human form or feelings to animals or life and personal attributes to inanimate objects or to ideas and abstractions. A/ use pronouns
The ship (she) the dog (he) B/ other ways
Nature, land—mother nature; motherland
1/ Youth is hot and bold. Age is weak and cold. Youth is wild and age is tame. (by Shakespeare)
10.Irony(反语) is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis by saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words being the opposite of their usual senses. Eg.
1/Fatty for a thin boy/girl; skinny for someone very fat 2/ “I love queuing up.” ( I actually hate it.)