发布时间 : 星期五 文章(完整word版)人教版高中英语必修1核心词汇讲解及训练更新完毕开始阅读727e4b4d6e85ec3a87c24028915f804d2b1687c1
实用文档 a military / naval base 军事 / 海军基地 based adj. （以某事）为基础 / 根据的 baseless adj. 无根据的；无缘无故的 basement n. 地下室 eg: What are you basing this theory on? They decided to base the new company in New York. The town is an ideal base for touring the area. 3. command n. [C] 命令，指令 [U]掌握 vt. 命令，指挥，支配；博得；赢得 at sb’s command 听某人指挥 under one’s command 由…指挥 under the command of sb 在…指挥之下 have (a) command of 掌握；精通（尤指语言） take command of 控制 (be) in command of 掌握，控制 command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 command that… (should) do… 命令… eg: The police arrived and took command of the situation. Applicants will be expected to have (a) command of English. The commission intervened and commanded that work on the building cease. 注：command后面的宾语从句、表语从句或同位文案大全
语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语形式是should + 动词原形或省略should。 4. request n.&vt. 请求；要求 make (a) request for… 请求；要求… at sb’s request = at the request of sb应某人之要求 by request (of) 照需要；依照请求；应邀 on request 一经要求 request sb to do sth 请求某人做某事 request that sb (should) do sth 请求… request sth from / of sb 向某人请求某物 It is requested that… 据要求… eg: He was there at the request of his manager. She requested that no one (should) be told of her decision. You are requested not to smoke in the restaurant. 常用虚拟语气的动词口诀：一坚持insist；二命令order，command；三建议advise，suggest，propose；四要求ask，demand，request，require。 5. recognize vt. 辨认出；承认 recognize sb / sth by / from… 根据…认出某人 / 某事（物） be recognized to be / as 被认作…/被认为是… It is recognized that… 人们公认… recognition n. 认识；认出 out of / beyond recognition 认不出来 实用文档 eg: Drugs were not recognized to be / as a serious problem then. It was recognized that this solution could only be temporary. The book is now recognized as a classic. 6. block n. 大块；大楼；街区；一批，一组 v. 阻塞，挡住 a block of ice / concrete / stone 一大块冰 / 混凝土 / 石头 a tower block 高层建筑 an office block 办公大楼 a block of shares 一大宗股份 block off 封锁，堵住 block out 挡住，遮住 block up 塞住，封住 block…from 阻止…做… eg: His apartment is three blocks away from the police station. The main roads of the city have been blocked off. The fallen trees blocked us from going into the flooded area. 注：表示“阻止…做…”的动词有：block…; (from)… / prevent…; (from)… / stop…; (from)…/ ban…; (from)…/ keep…from… 7. because of 因为；由于 because of是介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动名词；because是连词，后跟从句。 文案大全
辨析because of / owing to / due to / on account of / thanks to： 这五个短语都有“由于、因为”的意思，都是介词短语，因此后面不可接从句。 1 because of意为“由于，因为”，强调因果○关系，在句中一般作状语。 2 owing to与because of一样，也强调因果○关系，作表语或状语。 3 due to引出造成后果的原因，在句中常作表○语、状语。作状语时与owing to同义，但due to一般不置于句首。 4 on account of与because of，owing to同○义，但语气较为正式。可作状语、表语。 5 thanks to只能用作状语，可以表达正面意○思，“幸亏”，也可用于讽刺口吻中（近于讽刺口吻中的“感谢”）。 eg: Liu Xiang gave up the competition because of his injury. The game was cancelled owing to heavy rain. The team’s success was largely due to her efforts. It was a great success — thanks to a lot of hard work. 8. come up 走近；上来；发芽；发生；被提出；（太阳、月亮等）升起 come up with 想出；提出 come about 发生 come across 穿过(路、桥)；偶遇；偶然实用文档 发现(=come upon) come along 一道来；一起去；进步；赶快 come back 回来；记起 come on (风、雨等)到来；(演员)出场；赶快；得了吧 come out 出版；出来，出现；结果是 come to 苏醒；总计；达到；谈到 eg: The daffodils are just beginning to come up. The subject came up in conversation. She came up with a new idea for increasing sales. 注：come up含有“被提出”之意，以物作主语，此时不用被动语态；而come up with意为“提出，想出”，其主语是人。 I came up with a proposal and it soon came up at the meeting. 9. such as 例如…；像这种的 辨析such as / for example / that is / and so on： 1 such as…用来列举事物。通常放在被列举○的事物的前面以及需要说明的事物的后面，意思是“比如；诸如…之类的”，也与like互换，as后面不能有逗号。 2 for example…起到补充说明的作用，表明○在众多内容中仅举一个或少数几个例子，可位于句首、句中或句末，意思是“例如…；举个例子…”。 3 that is是后面列举的事物的总量等于它前○文案大全 面所提到的总和，相当于namely，意思是“即，也就是说”。 4 and so on对几个事物进行列举时，在说了○其中的几个以后，用…and so on进行概括，说明还有例子，但不一一列出了，意思是“…等”。 eg: Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare. It is possible to combine Computer Science with other subjects, for example, Physics. We discussed everything — when to go, what to see and so on. 10. play a role / part in 在…中担任角色； 在…中起作用 play an important role / part in 在…方面起重要作用 play the role of sb = play / act the part of sb （在剧中）扮演某人的角色 play the leading role 起主要（带头）作用 eg: Clowns play an important role in a circus. She plays an active part in local politics. The media play a major role in influencing people’s opinions. 11. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than 实用文档 ever before. 1 more than + 数词，表示“超过，多于”。 ○2 more than + 名词，表示“不仅是，不只是”。 ○3 more than + 形容词 / 副词，表示“非常，○十分”，与very同义。 4 more than之后接含有can的从句时，常表○示否定意义。此时，从句中的谓语动词必须是及物动词，并且与句子的主语为逻辑上的动宾关系。 5 more…than…意为“与其…不如…；是…而○不是…”，表示自身的比较。 6 no more than = only意为“只有，仅仅”；○not more than常用于数词之前，意为“至多，不超过”，其意义相当于at（the）most。 eg: There is room for no more than three cars. She was far more intelligent than her sister. I’m more than happy to take you there in my car. It had more the appearance of a deliberate crime than of an accident. Unit 3 Travel Journal prefer, persuade, determine, view, change one’s mind, give in, no matter how 1. prefer vt. 更喜欢；选择某事物（而不选择其他事物） prefer sth 更喜欢… 文案大全 prefer (sb) to do sth 更喜欢（某人）做… prefer that 更喜欢 [that从句中常用(should+动词原形) prefer sth / doing…to sth / doing… 与…相比更喜欢…；宁愿…，不愿… prefer to do…rather than do… 宁可…也不… preference n. 偏爱；爱好；喜爱 give preference to sb / sth 给…以优惠；优待 in preference to sb / sth 而不是 eg: I prefer playing in defense. I would prefer that you (should) not mention my name. He prefers to stay at home rather than go shopping. She was chosen in preference to her sister as a volunteer of the Beijing Olympic Games. 注：在prefer to…结构中，to后接动词原形；在prefer…to…结构和preference构成的短语中to都为介词。 2. persuade vt. 劝说；说服 persuade sb to do sth = persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 persuade sb not to do sth = persuade sb out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事 try to persuade sb to do sth (= advise sb to