发布时间 : 星期日 文章考研英语从句分类更新完毕开始阅读6db1b00d6c85ec3a87c2c585
baby boom and an entry into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers) (who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan’s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs)，第一部分是主句，第二部分是who引导的定语从句，修饰前面的teenagers；主句的主干结构是The coming Of age and an entry?have limited the opportunities of teenagers，介词短语of the postwar baby boom和into the male-dominated job market分别作The coming of age和an entry的定语；who定语从句的主干结构是who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices，过去分词involved作sacrifices的后置定语，介词短语in climbing Japan’s rigid social ladder作时间状语，to good schools and jobs也是介词短语，作前面ladder的后置定语。
【知识链接】 coming of age长大成人；postwar战后的，联想记忆：prewar战前的；baby boom生育高峰期(指二战后美国出现的1947—1961年婴儿出生高峰期)；male-dominated男性主宰的；job market就业市场；teenagers青少年；personal sacrifice个人牺牲；rigid严格的，森严的。
6. The situation may all change in 2008, when Kenya will be slightly too rich to qualify for the \country\status that allows African producers to avoid paying stiff European import duties on selected agricultural products.
【参考译文】这种状况将会在2008年彻底改变，届时肯尼亚的经济状况将稍有改善，不再具有“最不发达国家”的地位，该地位允许非洲制造商不必支付欧洲对指定农产品所征收的过高的进口关税。
【结构分析】 该句可拆分为三大部分：(The situation may all change in 2008,) (when Kenya will be slightly too rich to qualify for the \country\status)(that allows African producers to avoid
paying stiff European import duties on selected agricultural products. )，第一部分是主句，结构比较简单，第二部分是when引导的定语从句，修饰前面的2008，第三部分是that引导的定语从句，修饰前面的status；when定语从句的主语是Kenya，谓语是will be，表语是slightly rich，too与后面的to qualify for．．．构成固定结构，意为：太??而不??；that定语从句的主语是that，谓语是allows，宾语是African producers，不定式to avoid．．．作宾语补足语，动名词结构paying stiff European import duties作avoid的宾语，介词短语on selected agricultural products作前面import duties的后置定语。
【知识链接】 Kenya肯尼亚(非洲)；qualify for?够资格做??；the“least-developed country”最不发达国家；status地位，身份；stiff严厉的，过高的；import duty进口税；selected指定的；agricultural product农产品。
二、考研英语【表语从句】典型例句剖析
1. Perhaps the most commonly voiced objection to volunteer participation during the undergraduate years is that it consumes time and energy that the students might otherwise devote to “academic” pursuits.
【参考译文】反对在大学期间自愿参加社会服务的最普遍的呼声也许是认为社会服务占去了学生的时间和精力，否则，学生会利用这些时间去做学术研究。
【结构分析】 这是一个主从复合句，主句的主干结构是：Perhaps the most commonly voiced objection is that．．．，主句的主语objection之前的the most commonly voiced和之后的介词短语to volunteer participation均作定语，during the under-graduate years是时间状语；that表语从句的主干结构
是让consumes time and energy(that the students might otherwise devote to“academic”pursuits)，其主语是it，指代前面的volunteer participation，谓语是consumes，宾语是time and energy，括号内的that引导time and energy的定语从句，其主语是the students，谓语是might otherwise devote，宾语是that，指代前面的time and energy，to “academic”pursuits是介词短语，作宾语补足语，实际上，devote．．．to．．．已构成固定词组，otherwise作状语。
【知识链接】voiced说出来的；Objection to．．．反对??；volunteer志愿者；undergraduate大学生；consume消耗，消费；otherwise否则，若不然；devote．．．to．．．把??奉献给；academic pursuits学术研究。
2. The blunt truth of the matter is that human beings are not designed for tasks which require relentless vigilance: for the sophisticated human brain these are fatiguing and boring.
【参考译文】 此事说明了一个真切的道理：人类并不是生来就适合做不间断的高度警觉的工作。对于复杂的大脑来说，这些工作太乏倦无味了。
【结构分析】 这是一个主从复合句，主句的主干结构是：The truth is that．．．，that引导的表语从句的主干结构是：human beings are not designed for tasks，之后的which引导定语从句，修饰前面的tasks，其主干结构是which require．．；vigilance，relentless是vigilance的定语；冒号后面的内容是一个独立的句子，是对前面内容的解释，其主语是these，指代前面的tasks，谓语是are，表语是fatiguing and boring, for the sophisticated human brain是介词短语，作范围状语。
【知识链接】 blunt率直的，坦率的；relentless连续的，不间断的；vigilance警觉；sophisticated复杂的；fatiguing令人疲倦的；boring乏味的。
3. All that happened is that we have substituted identifying and labeling, which can be done very rapidly, for the tactile sort of feel-seeing that requires much more time and concentration.
【参考译文】所发生的一切仅仅是我们用识别和作标记替代了触觉类的感知，前者可以很迅速地完成，而后者则需要多得多的时间和专注。
【结构分析】 这是一个主从复合句，可以切分为All that happened is that we have substituted identifying and labeling，(which can be done very rapidly，)for the tactile sort of feel-seeing (that requires much more time and concentration)，that happened作主语All的定语从句，难点在于that引导的表语从句；该从句的主干结构是：we have substituted．．．for．．+谓语动词have substituted．．．for．．．是固定搭配；第一个括号内是which引导的定语从句，修饰前面的identifying and labeling，第二个括号内是that引导的定语从句，修饰the tactile sort of feel—seeing。该句翻译时要先译主干结构，which定语从句和that定语从句要放在最后处理。
【知识链接】 substitute．．．for．．．用??替代??；identifying识别；labeling作标记；tactile触觉的；feel-seeing感知；concentration专注。
4. What we should like to know is whether life originated as the result of some amazing accident or succession of coincidences, or whether it is the normal event for inanimate matter to produce life in due course, when the physical environment is suitable.
【参考译文】我们想知道的是生命究竟是起源于某个惊人的事件，或是一系列的巧合呢?还是当自然环境适合，无生命的物质经过相当一段时间就自然而然地产生了生命呢?
【结构分析】 这是一个主从复合句，主干结构是：What we should like to know is whether．．．or whether．．．，What引导主语从句，whether．．．or