½­ËÕÊ¡Ó׶ùÔ°¿Î³ÌÓÎÏ·»¯ÏîĿʵʩҪÇó ÁªÏµ¿Í·þ

·¢²¼Ê±¼ä : ÐÇÆÚÈý ÎÄÕ½­ËÕÊ¡Ó׶ùÔ°¿Î³ÌÓÎÏ·»¯ÏîĿʵʩҪÇó¸üÐÂÍê±Ï¿ªÊ¼ÔĶÁ43afdef6846a561252d380eb6294dd88d0d23df6

£¨½­ËÕÊ¡Ó׶ùÔ°¿Î³ÌÓÎÏ·»¯ÏîĿʵʩҪÇó

ÊÔÐи壩

Ó׶ùÔ°¿Î³ÌÓÎÏ·»¯ÏîÄ¿µÄʵʩ¹ý³Ì£¬¾ÍÊÇÓ׶ùÔ°¿Î³Ì½¨ÉèµÄ¹ý³Ì£¬Êǹ᳹Âäʵ¡¶3-6Ëê¶ùͯѧϰÓë·¢Õ¹Ö¸ÄÏ¡·µÄ¹ý³Ì£¬Ò²ÊÇÌáÉýÓ׶ùÔ°½ÌÓýÖÊÁ¿µÄ¹ý³Ì¡£¿Î³ÌÓÎÏ·»¯ÊÇÒ»Ïî³ÖÐøµÄ¹¤×÷£¬ÐèÒª³¤ÆÚ¼á³Ö²»Ð¸µÄŬÁ¦¡£¸ù¾ÝÇ°Ò»½×¶ÎÏîĿʵʩµÄÇé¿ö£¬½áºÏÏîÄ¿Ó׶ùÔ°½ÌʦµÄ»ù±¾×´¿ö£¬¶ÔÕÕ½ÌÓýÌüµÄÏîĿʵʩÄÚÈݺÍÒªÇó£¬ÔÚ´ËÌá³öÁËÎå·½ÃæÏîĿʵʩµÄÒªÇó¡£Ï£ÍûÏîÄ¿Ó׶ùÔ°´Ó×ÔÉíµÄʵ¼Ê³ö·¢£¬È«ÃæÁì»áÿһÏîÒªÇóµÄÄÚº­£¬ÔÚѧϰºÍʵ¼ùÖÐ̽Ë÷ÊʺÏÓ׶ù԰ʵ¼ÊµÄÏîĿʵʩµÄ;¾¶ºÍ²ßÂÔ£¬²»¶Ïת±ä¹ÛÄÇÐʵÒÔ¶ùͯΪ±¾½¨ÉèÓ׶ùÔ°¿Î³Ì£¬²»¶ÏÌá¸ß¿Î³ÌÓÎÏ·»¯µÄˮƽ¡£

Ò»¡¢¹Û²ìºÍÕýÈ·½â¶Á¶ùͯµÄÐÐΪ

¹Û²ìºÍÀí½â¶ùͯÊǽÌÓý¹¤×÷µÄÆðµã¡£¡°¿Æѧ¹Û²ì¡ª¡ªÕýÈ·½â¶Á¡ª¡ªÓÐЧ֧³Ö¡±ÊǽÌʦÓëÓ׶ùÈÕ³£»¥¶¯ÖÐÓ¦ÓеÄרҵÐÐΪ¡£Òò¶øÓ׶ù½Ìʦ±ØÐëÓÿÆѧµÄ·½·¨£¬¹Û²ìÓ׶ùʵ¼Ê·¢ÉúµÄÐÐΪ¼°ÆäÇé¾³£¬½èÖú¡¶Ö¸ÄÏ¡·£¬ÕýÈ·Àí½âÓ׶ùµÄÐÐΪ£¬¸ÐÊÜÆä±ä»¯ºÍ·¢Õ¹£¬ÈÃ×Ô¼ºµÄ½ÌÓý²ßÂÔ¸üΪÓÐЧ¡£

Ä¿±ê£º

1.Ê÷Á¢¹Û²ìÒâʶ£¬ÕÆÎչ۲췽·¨£»

2.¿Æѧ½â¶ÁÓëÆÀ¼Û¶ùͯÐÐΪºÍ·¢Õ¹£¬Ê÷Á¢ÕýÈ·µÄ¶ùͯ¹Û£»

3.ÔÚ¹Û²ì»ù´¡ÉÏÐγÉʵ¼ù·´Ë¼Òâʶ£¬×÷Ϊ¿Î³Ìµ÷ÕûµÄÖ÷ÒªÒÀ¾Ý¡£

ÒªÇó£º

1.Óñã½ÝµÄ·½Ê½£¨Èç±ãÇ©¡¢ÊÖ»ú¡¢Â¼Ïñ»ú£©¶Ô¶ùͯÈÕ³£ÐÐΪ×ö¼òµ¥¼Ç¼£¬²¢³¢ÊÔ½â¶Á¡¢Å¬Á¦Á˽â¶ùͯµÄÒ»°ãÐÔµÄѧϰÌصãÓë¹ý³Ì£» 2.³ÖÐø²¶×½²¢¼Ç¼¶ùͯ¸öÌåÔÚÌض¨Çé¾³ÖУ¨Èç½ø²Í¡¢ÖÖÖ²µÈ£©µÄÐÐΪ£¬·¢ÏÖ²¢½â¶Á¶ùͯÔÚij¸öÁìÓòµÄ·¢Õ¹Ë®Æ½ÓëÌص㣬²¢ÓÐÕë¶ÔÐÔµÄ×÷³ö¿Î³ÌÉϵĵ÷Õû¡£

3.³ÖÐø²¶×½²¢¼Ç¼¶ùͯ¸öÌåÈÕ³£Çé¾³ÖеÄÐÐΪ£¬·¢ÏÖ²¢½â¶Á¶ùͯ×ÔÉí¸÷ÁìÓò·¢Õ¹Ë®Æ½ÓëÌصãÒÔ¼°¶ù֮ͯ¼ä·¢Õ¹µÄ²îÒìÐÔ£¬×ö³öÓÐÕë¶ÔÐԵĻØÓ¦¡£

4.ÃôÈñ²¶×½»î¶¯ÖжùͯµÄÐËȤÓëÐèÒª£¬´Ó¿Î³Ì½Ç¶Èϵͳ·´Ë¼½ÌÓýµÄÄÚÈÝ¡¢×éÖ¯·½Ê½¡¢»·¾³¡¢×ÊÔ´µÈµÄÊÊÒËÐÔ£¬²¢½øÐе÷ÕûºÍ¸ÄÔì¡£ 5.¿ªÕ¹¡°ÓÐͼÓÐÕæÏࡱµÄ½ÌÑл£¬Ö§³Ö²¢¹ÄÀø½Ìʦ»ùÓÚ¶Ô¶ùͯµÄ¹Û²ì·¢±í¹Ûµã£¬°ïÖú½ÌʦÐγɹ۲ìÒâʶºÍ¹Û²ìÐËȤ£¬¹ÄÀø½Ìʦ×öÓÐÓõĹ۲죬±ÜÃâµ¥´¿µØ×·Çó¹Û²ì¼Ç¼µÄƪÊý£»¹ÄÀø½ÌʦÓë¼Ò³¤Í¨¹ý¶àÖÖ·½Ê½£¨Èç±ãÌõ¡¢Î¢ÐÅ¡¢QQ¡¢µç»°¡¢Ô¼Ì¸µÈ£©·ÖÏí½»Á÷¶ùͯÔÚÔ°µÄÐÐΪ±íÏÖ£¬Îª¼ÒÔ°ºÏ×÷Óë¼ÒÍ¥½ÌÓýÌṩÒÀ¾ÝÓ뽨Òé¡£½«¶Ô¶ùͯµÄ¹Û²ìͨ¹ýºÏÊʵķ½Ê½£¨ÈçÊÓƵ¡¢ÕÕƬ£©Óë¶ùͯ½øÐзÖÏí£¬ÇãÌý¶ùͯµÄÉùÒô£¬Á˽â¶ùͯÐÐΪµÄÒâͼ£¬Ìá¸ß¹Û²ìÓë½â¶ÁµÄ׼ȷÐԺͽÌÓý¹ý³ÌµÄÓÐЧÐÔ¡£

6.¶ÔÓÚ³õѧ¹Û²ìµÄ½Ìʦ£¬¿ÉÒÔ¾Íijһ¹Û²ì¶ÔÏ󣬶àÈËͬʱ¹Û²ì£¬¸÷×ÔÐγɹ۲챨¸æ£¨º¬¹Û²ì¼Í¼¡¢·ÖÎöÓë½â¶Á¡¢½ÌÓý½¨Ò飩£¬È»ºó±È½Ï¹Û²ì¼Ç¼µÄ¿Í¹ÛÐÔ¡¢·ÖÎöµÄ׼ȷÐÔ£¬²ßÂԵĿÉÐÐÐÔºÍÓÐЧÐÔ£¬Ìá¸ß½ÌʦµÄ¹Û²ìÄÜÁ¦¡£

7.¸ù¾Ý½ÌÓýʵ¼ùÖдæÔÚÎÊÌâµÄÐÔÖÊ£¬Öƶ¨³ÖÐøµÄ¹Û²ì¼Æ»®£¬ÀýÈçÓÐÌØÊâÐèÒªµÄ¶ùͯ£¬ÐèÒªÖƶ¨³¤Æڵĸú×Ù¹Û²ì¼Æ»®£¬Óùý³ÌºÍÊÂʵ˵»°£¬·ÀÖ¹ÒÔÆ«¸ÅÈ«¡£

²Î¿¼Ê飺

?Ê©ÑÞ¡¢º«´ººì±à.ѧǰ¶ùͯÐÐΪ¹Û²ì.ÉϺ££º»ª¶«Ê¦´ó³ö°æÉ磬2011.2

?Carole SharmanÖø.µ¥ÃôÔµÈÒë.¹Û²ì¶ùͯ¡ª¡ªÊµ¼ù²Ù×÷Ö¸ÄÏ£¨µÚÈý°æ£©.ÉϺ££º»ª¶«Ê¦´ó³ö°æÉç¡£2010.8

?Sheila Riddall¡ªLeechÖø.ÅËÔ¾êµÈÒë.¹Û²ì£º×ß½ø¶ùͯµÄÊÀ½ç.±±¾©Ê¦´ó³ö°æÉç.2008.1

?Warren R.BentzenÖø.ÓÚ¿ªÁ«µÈÒë.¹Û²ì¶ùͯ¡ª¡ª¶ùͯÐÐΪ¹Û²ì¼Ç¼ָÄÏ.±±¾©£ºÈËÃñ½ÌÓý³ö°æÉç¡£2009.6

°¸ÀýÓ빤¾ßÕ÷¼¯£¨ÒªÇóͬʱÌṩÏàÓ¦µÄÒôÊÓƵ¼Ç¼ÓëÎı¾²ÄÁÏ£©£º °¸ÀýÖ÷Ö¼£º¿Æѧ¹Û²ì¡ª¡ªÕýÈ·½â¶Á¡ª¡ªÓÐЧ֧³Ö

??Ê÷Á¢¹Û²ìÒâʶ£¬ÕÆÎչ۲췽·¨µÄ°¸Àý ??ÕýÈ·½â¶ÁÓëÆÀ¼Û¶ùͯÐÐΪºÍ·¢Õ¹µÄ°¸Àý ??¹Û²ì»ù´¡ÉÏÌá¸ß½ÌÓý¾ö²ßÓÐЧÐԵݸÀý

??¸öÌ壨»òС×顢ȺÌ壩¶ùͯÔÚÌض¨Çé¾³ÖеÄÐÐΪ¹Û²ì½â¶Á»ØÓ¦£¨¿É¶àÈ˹۲ìͬһÇé¾³£©

??¸öÌ壨»òС×顢ȺÌ壩¶ùͯÔÚÈÕ³£Çé¾³ÖеÄÐÐΪ¹Û²ì½â¶Á»ØÓ¦£¨¿É¶àÈ˹۲ìͬһ¶ÔÏó£©

??¶Ô¸öÌå¶ùͯ£¨»òС×顢ȺÌ壩½øÐг¤ÆÚ³ÖÐø¹Û²ìµÄ°¸Àý£¨¿É¶àÈ˹۲ìͬһ¶ÔÏó£©

??»ùÓڹ۲죬´Ó¿Î³Ì½Ç¶È·´Ë¼½ÌÓýÄÚÈÝ¡¢»·¾³²ÄÁÏ¡¢×éÖ¯·½Ê½µÈÊÊÒËÐԵݸÀý

??Á¢×ãÓÚÌáÉý¹Û²ì½â¶ÁÄÜÁ¦µÄ½ÌÑл°¸Àý ??¹Û²ìÀàרҵÊé¼®µÄÔĶÁÐĵÃÓëʵ¼ù³ÉЧ ???? ??

¶þ¡¢ÉóÒéºÍ¸ÄÔì¿Î³Ì·½°¸£¬ÌáÉý¿Î³ÌµÄÊÊÒËÐÔ

¸ÄÔìÏÖÐпγ̷½°¸ÊǿγÌÓÎÏ·»¯ÏîÄ¿½¨ÉèµÄÖØÒªÄÚÈÝ£¬Ò²ÊÇÌá¸ß¿Î³ÌÊÊÒËÐÔµÄÖØÒª²ßÂÔ¡£Ö»ÓÐÔÚʵ¼ùÖмá³Ö¶ÔÏÖÐпγ̷½°¸µÄ²»¶Ïµ÷Õû£¬¿Î³ÌµÄÊÊÒËÐԳ̶ȺÍÓÎÏ·»¯Ë®Æ½²ÅÄܲ»¶ÏÌá¸ß¡£

Ä¿±ê£º

1. »ùÓÚ¶ùͯѧϰºÍ·¢Õ¹µÄÐèÒª£¬¶ÔÏÖÐпγ̷½°¸½øÐÐÉóÒ飬·¢ÏÖÎÊÌâºÍ²»×㣬²¢×ö³öÊÊÒËÐÔµ÷Õû¡£ÄܹØ×¢Éú»î»î¶¯µÄ¼ÛÖµ£¬½«¿Î³ÌÓлúµØÉø͸ÓÚÓ׶ùµÄÒ»ÈÕÉú»î»·½Ú¡£