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新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
high school. This is a dance with a difference. Students have to wear formal clothes—many for the first time in their lives—and it is usual to hire an expensive limousine to arrive at the prom. It is as if, for one night, they behave like adults twice their age—or at least look older than they really are.
5 Perhaps one of the most interesting rites of passage is the walkabout of Australian aborigines, when adolescents would be
required to spend about six months walking alone through the wilderness, following the paths of their ancestors along the age-old \In so doing they penetrated the heart of aboriginal culture—the oldest continuous culture in the world—and, in the process, discovered themselves too. 式。 这次舞会非同寻常，学生们不仅穿着正式（许多学生平生第一次这么穿），他们通常还乘坐着一辆租来的豪华轿车到达舞会现场。 就在那一天晚上，他们似乎要表现得和年龄是他们两倍的成年人一样，至少是看上去要比自己的实际年龄老。
世界上最有趣的通过仪式之一或许就是澳洲原住民的“徒步旅行”了，还处于青春期的少年必须在野外独自行走六个月，沿着划定国土疆域的“歌之版图”追寻祖先的足迹。 通过这样的仪式，他们深入到土著文化这一世界上最古老而持久的文化的精髓之中，并在这一过程中发现自我。
Unit2-1
Superman
1 The year the war began I was in the fifth grade at the Annie F. Warren
Grammar School in Winthrop, and that was the winter I won the prize for drawing the best Civil Defense signs. That was also the winter of Paula Brown's new snowsuit, and even now, 13 years later, I can recall the changing colors of those days, clear and definite as a pattern seen through a kaleidoscope.
2 I lived on the bay side of town, on Johnson Avenue, opposite the Logan Airport, and before I went to bed each night, I used to kneel by the west window of my room and look over the lights of Boston that blazed and blinked far off across the darkening water. The sunset flaunted its pink flag above the airport, and the sound of waves was lost in the perpetual droning of the planes. I
marveled at the moving beacons on the runway and watched, until it grew
超 人
战争爆发的那一年，我在温斯罗普的安妮 ? F. 沃伦文法学校读五年级，那年冬天我获得了民防图标设计赛的冠军。 也就是在那个冬天，波拉 ? 布朗买了新的防雪服，即便是13年后的今天，我仍然能清晰地记起那些精彩纷呈的日子，它们历历在目，犹如万花筒里看到的图案那样色彩斑斓。
我的家位于城里靠海湾的一侧，在洛根机场对面的约翰逊大道上。 每天晚上睡觉前，我都会跪在卧室朝西的窗户旁，眺望黑幽幽的海水那边波士顿城明亮闪烁的灯光。夕阳将粉色的余晖洒在机场上空，浪涛的声音永远淹没在一架架飞机永无休止的嗡嗡声中。 我惊奇地望着跑道上的移动信标，看着那些闪烁的红灯、绿灯像流星般升起、降落，直到机场变得一片漆黑为止。 机场就是我的麦加，我的耶路撒冷。
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新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
completely dark, the flashing red and 我整夜都在做梦，梦见自己在空中green lights that rose and set in the sky 飞行。 like shooting stars. The airport was my Mecca, my Jerusalem. All night I dreamed of flying. 3 Those were the days of my 那正是我梦想斑斓的岁月。 妈technicolor dreams. Mother believed that I 妈认为我需要大量的睡眠，所以我should have an enormous amount of 每天上床睡觉时一点儿都不觉得sleep, and so I was never really tired when 累。 那是一天中最美好的时光，我I went to bed. This was the best time of the 可以躺下，在昏暗的暮色中慢慢进day, when I could lie in the vague twilight, 入梦乡，脑子里制造出许多奇异的drifting off to sleep, making up dreams 梦来。 我的飞行梦像达利的风景画inside my head the way they should go. 那么真实可信，以致于自己常常会My flying dreams were believable as a 在一阵惊吓中醒来，好像伊卡罗斯landscape by Dali, so real that I would 那样从天空中摔下来，虽然发现自awake with a sudden shock, a breathless 己刚好掉到软软的床上，但也被吓sense of having tumbled like Icarus from 得喘不过气来。 当超人开始侵入我the sky and caught myself on the soft bed 的梦乡，并教给我飞行的技巧之后，just in time. These nightly adventures in 我每夜的太空冒险便开始了。 超人space began when Superman started 身着耀眼的蓝色衣服，肩披随风飕invading my dreams and teaching me how 飕作响的斗篷，经常从我身边呼啸to fly. He used to come roaring by in his 而过。他长得太像我的舅舅弗兰克shining blue suit with his cape whistling in 了，舅舅那会儿正跟妈妈和我住在the wind, looking remarkably like my 一起。 当超人的斗篷神奇地旋转Uncle Frank who was living with mother 时，我好像能听见上百只海鸥的振and me. In the magic whirling of his cape I 翅声，上千架飞机的马达轰鸣声。 could hear the wings of a hundred seagulls, the motors of a thousand planes. 4 I was not the only worshipper of 我不是这个街区里唯一的超人Superman in our block. David Stirling, a 崇拜者，在街的另一头，那个脸色pale, bookish boy who lived down the 苍白、有点书呆子气的男孩儿戴street, shared my love for the sheer poetry 维 ? 斯特令和我一样，热爱飞行的of flight. Before supper every night, we 纯粹的诗意。 每天晚饭前，我们一listened to Superman together on the 起收听电台的超人故事，白天在上radio, and during the day we made up our 学的路上，我们自己设计出各种各own adventures on the way to school. 样的冒险活动。
5 The Annie F. Warren Grammar School 安妮 ? F. 沃伦文法学校是一座was a red-brick building, set back from the 红砖楼，座落在远离主干道的一条main highway on a black tar street, 黑色柏油街道上，学校四周是光秃surrounded by barren gravel playgrounds. 秃的铺着碎石的操场。 戴维和我发Out by the parking lot David and I found 现学校外面停车场附近有一个角the perfect alcove for our Superman 落，那里是我们玩超人游戏的绝佳dramas. The dingy back entrance to the 场所。 那条长长的过道通向学校又
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新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
school was deep-set in a long passageway which was an excellent place for surprise captures and sudden rescues.
6 During recess, David and I came into our own. We ignored the boys playing baseball on the gravel court and the girls giggling at dodge-ball in the dell. Our Superman games made us outlaws, yet gave us a sense of windy superiority. We even found a stand-in for a villain in
Sheldon Fein, the sallow mamma's boy on our block who was left out of the boys' games because he cried whenever
anybody tagged him and always managed to fall down and skin his fat knees.
7 At first, we had to prompt Sheldon in his part, but after a while he became an expert on inventing tortures and even carried them out in private, beyond the game. He used to pull the wings from flies and the legs off grasshoppers, and keep the broken insects captive in a jar hidden under his bed where he could take them out in secret and watch them struggling. David and I never played with Sheldon except at recess. After school we left him to his mamma and his bonbons and his helpless insects.
8 At the time my Uncle Frank was living with us while waiting to be drafted, and I was sure that he bore an extraordinary resemblance to Superman incognito. David couldn't see the likeness as clearly as I did, but he admitted that Uncle Frank was the strongest man he had ever known, and could do lots of tricks like making caramels disappear under napkins and walking on his hands.
黑又脏的后门，非常适合玩意外抓捕和快速解救的游戏。
课间休息时，我和戴维可以大展身手了。 我们对在碎石操场上打棒球的男孩儿们视而不见，也不搭理那些在小山谷里一边玩躲球游戏一边咯咯傻笑的女孩儿们。 超人游戏让我们变得像两个逃犯似的，但也给了我们一种虚幻的优越感，我们甚至找谢尔登 ? 费恩来充当恶棍。他是街区里一个脸色苍白、胆小怕事的孩子，没有男孩儿愿意和他玩，因为一有人追他他就哭，而且老是自己摔倒在地，擦伤他那胖胖的膝盖。
一开始我们还得教谢尔登怎么扮演他的角色，可没过多久他就变成了一位发明虐刑的专家，甚至私下里悄悄实施他的刑罚。 他常常扯下苍蝇的翅膀，揪掉蚱蜢的腿，并把这些残废了的昆虫囚禁在瓶子里，藏到床底下，这样他就可以偷偷把它们拿出来，看着它们痛苦挣扎的样子。 戴维和我只在课间休息的时候和谢尔登玩，放学后我们就让他回家跟他的妈妈、棒棒糖以及那些无助的昆虫为伴。
那时候，弗兰克舅舅住在我们家，等着参军。我肯定他和隐姓埋名的超人长得特别像。 戴维却看不出我舅舅和超人有多么相像，但他承认弗兰克舅舅是他这辈子所见过的最强壮的人，而且他会变很多戏法，比如用餐巾一盖上糖果，糖就没了，他还能倒立行走。
Unit2-2
Cultural Childhoods 不同文化的童年
1 When I look back on my own childhood in 每当我回顾20世纪七八十the 1970s and 1980s and compare it with 年代我的童年时光，并将它与现
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新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
children today, it reminds me of that famous sentence \do things differently there\
Hartley's novel The Go-Between). Even in a relatively short period of time, I can see the enormous transformations that have taken place in children's lives and in the ways they are thought about and treated.
2 Looking further back I can see vast differences between contemporary and
historical childhoods. Today, children have few responsibilities, their lives are characterized by play not work, school not paid labour, family rather than public life and consumption
instead of production. Yet this is all relatively recent. A hundred years ago, a 12 year old working in a factory would have been perfectly acceptable. Now, it would cause social
services' intervention and the prosecution of both parents and factory owner. 3 The differences between the
expectations placed on children today and those placed on them in the past are neatly summed up by two American writers, Barbara Ehrenreich and Deirdre English. Comparing childhoods in America today with those of the American colonial period (1600–1776), they have written: \tie his or her shoes is impressive. In colonial times, four-year-old girls knitted stockings and mittens and could produce intricate embroidery: At age six they spun wool. A good, industrious little girl was called 'Mrs instead of 'Miss' in appreciation of her
contribution to the family economy: She was not, strictly speaking, a child.\
4 These changing ideas about children have led many social scientists to claim that childhood is a \this term to mean that understandings of childhood are not the same everywhere and that while all societies acknowledge that children are different from adults, how they
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在孩子的童年相比较时，就会想起句名言：“往昔是异国他乡，那里有着不同的习俗”（可参见L.P.哈特利的小说《传信人》） 。甚至在相对短暂的一段时间内，我也能够察觉到儿童的生活以及人们对待儿童的方式上所经历的巨大变化。
回顾更久远的岁月，我可以看到现在和古代童年生活的巨大差别。如今的儿童责任很少，他们生活的主要内容是玩耍而非工作，上学而非劳动，在家里呆着而不是和外界交往，消费而非生产。这种变化也是最近才显现出来的。一百年前，12 岁的孩子在工厂打工是完全可以接受的事情，而现在，这会招来社会服务机构的介入，其父母和工厂主会被起诉。
有两位美国作家，芭芭拉·埃伦里奇和迪尔德丽·英格利希，她们简要地概括了过去和现在人们对儿童的期待的差异。在比较美国现在的儿童和殖民地时期（1600–1776）的儿童时，她们写道：“今天，如果一个四岁的孩子能自己系鞋带就很了不起了。而在殖民地时期，四岁的女孩会织长筒袜和连指手套，能做复杂的刺绣，六岁就能纺毛线了。一个善良勤快的女孩被称为‘夫人’而不是‘小姐’，这是为了表彰她对家庭经济的贡献，严格说来她不是一个孩子了。
对儿童的看法不断变化着，这使得许多社会科学家宣称童年是一种“社会建构”。他们用这个术语来说明不同的地区对童年的理解是不一样的，虽然所有社会都承认儿童与成年人有区别，至于他们之间有何不同，