发布时间 : 星期四 文章基于虚拟样机技术的内燃机动力学性能研究_学位论文更新完毕开始阅读14063e25001ca300a6c30c22590102020740f2d0
河南理工大学2011届本科毕业设计论文
基于虚拟样机技术的内燃机动力学性能研究
陈金亮（2011届毕业生）
摘 要
振动、噪声量级是发动机设计要求的重要指标之一，准确的预测发动机的振声特性是从根本上提高发动机的振声品质、缩短研制周期、提高市场竞争力的重要途径，而准确的激励载荷分析，是进行内燃机振声特性预测和低噪声设计的基础。在此背景下，本文针对S195柴油机的激励载荷分析开展了系列研究工作。
传统的质点力系分析方法和多刚体系统动力学分析方法，由于无法考虑部件弹性的影响，无法满足当代对激励载荷精确分析的需求。本文在考虑部件弹性的基础上，采用多体动力学方法对S195柴油机曲柄连杆机构动力学特性进行了仿真研究，具体内容如下：
1.应用三维CAD软件Pro/E建立曲柄连杆机构的三维实体模型，并进行装配，然后利用Pro/E与动力学分析软件ADAMS的接口，建立曲柄连杆机构的多刚体动力模型。
2.针对建立好的曲柄连杆机构多刚体动力学模型，研究了曲柄连杆机构的惯性力（往复惯性力、离心惯性力）对机体产生的横向干扰力、纵向干扰力和翻倒力矩，以及惯性力的平衡问题。
3.应用有限元分析软件ANSYS生成机构中主要的柔性构件——曲轴的模态中性文件，并利用ADAMS中嵌入的ADAMS/Flex模块，对曲轴进行柔性化，建立了机构的多柔体动力学仿真模型。对比研究了考虑部件弹性对机构动态性能所产生的影响。
4.总结得出了考虑多种影响因素的曲柄连杆机构动力学耦合仿真研究方案。 上述研究工作表明：改变曲轴的质量特性参数（质心的位置、质量的大小），对机体的干扰力有不同程度的影响，其中质心的位置对惯性力平衡有较大的影响；在考虑部件柔性后，激励载荷的变化更加平缓，更真实地反映了机构工作时的实际状态。因此耦合了关键部位柔体的多提动力学建模与仿真分析的方法，是一条行之有效的技术途径，为进一步深入开展内燃机结构动力学响应分析奠定了基础。
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河南理工大学2011届本科毕业设计论文
关键词：ADAMS；ANSYS；发动机；曲柄连杆机构；惯性力；
Abstract
Vibration, engine noise magnitude is an important indicator of the design requirements, accurate predictions Vibration and Acoustic characteristics of the engine is fundamentally improve the quality of engine vibration and noise, shorten the development cycle, improve the market competitiveness of the important ways, and accurate Incentive load analysis, Vibration and Acoustic Characteristics of internal combustion engine is a predictable and low-noise design. In this context, this incentive for load analysis of S195 diesel engine carried out a series of research work.
The traditional multi-particle force system analysis and system dynamics analysis of rigid body, unable to consider the impact of flexible parts, unable to meet loads of incentives accurate analysis of contemporary needs. Flexibility in considering this part, based on the method of multi-body dynamics engine crank S195 dynamics was simulated, as follows:
1. Using the three-dimensional CAD software Pro/E to establish 3D solid crank model, and assembly. Then, with the dynamic analysis software ADAMS interface, the establishment of multi-rigid crank powered models.
2. Crank for the well-established multi-body dynamics model, the inertia of the connecting rod force (reciprocating inertia force, centrifugal force) to force the body to produce interference with horizontal, vertical disturbance force and overturning moment, and inertia The balance of power.
3. ANSYS finite element analysis software generates the main body of flexible components - crankshaft, the modal neutral file, and embedded in ADAMS, ADAMS/Flex modules were flexible on the crankshaft, the establishment of a body flexible multi-body dynamics simulation model. Comparative study of the flexibility of the body parts to consider the impact of dynamic performance.
4. Summary consider the influence of factors obtained in the simulation of dynamic coupling crank research program.
The research shows that: changing the crankshaft of the quality parameters (centroid location, quality, size), the body of the interference forces have different effects, in which the centroid position of the inertial force balance have a greater impact; in considering parts of the flexible , the excitation load changes more gently, more real work to show the actual state institutions. Therefore, a key part of the coupling of multi-flexible body dynamics modeling and simulation provide analysis, is an effective technical approach, in order to carry out further structural dynamic response analysis engine foundation.
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河南理工大学2011届本科毕业设计论文
Key words: ADAMS; ANSYS; engine; crank linkage; inertial force;
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河南理工大学2011届本科毕业设计论文
目录
1.概 述................................................................................................................................ - 1 - 1.1虚拟样机技术 ............................................................................................................ - 1 - 1.1.1 虚拟样机技术的含义 ......................................................................................... - 1 - 1.1.2 虚拟样机技术的内容 ....................................................................................... - 2 - 1.1.3 虚拟样机技术的应用 ....................................................................................... - 3 - 1.2 发动机国内外研究现状 ............................................................................................ - 4 - 1.2.1机构动力学分析方法的研究现状 ..................................................................... - 4 - 1.2.2现代设计理论和方法在发动机开发中的应用 ................................................. - 5 - 1.2.3国内外对发动机机构平衡的研究现状 ............................................................. - 7 - 1.3发动机虚拟样机开发的意义 ..................................................................................... - 8 - 1.3.1应用虚拟样机技术适应市场需求的变化 ........................................................... - 8 - 1.3.2 发动机虚拟样机技术的研究目的和意义 ........................................................ - 9 - 1.3.3 发动机虚拟样机技术的研究步骤和方法 ........................................................ - 9 - 1.4 本文的主要研究内容和方法 .................................................................................. - 11 - 2.理论分析.......................................................................................................................... - 12 - 2.1曲柄连杆机构运动学分析 ....................................................................................... - 12 - 2.2曲柄连杆机构动力学分析 ....................................................................................... - 14 - 2.3简化后的机构受力分析 ........................................................................................... - 16 - 2.3.1机构运动件的质量换算 .................................................................................. - 16 - 2.3.2简化后机构受力分析 ...................................................................................... - 18 - 2.4曲柄连杆机构对机体的作用力 ............................................................................... - 20 - 2.5单缸内燃机的平衡分析与平衡方法 ....................................................................... - 22 - 2.5.1离心惯性力的平衡 .......................................................................................... - 22 - 2.5.2往复惯性力的平衡 .......................................................................................... - 23 - 2.6 刚体系统在ADAMS的分析和计算方法 .................................................................. - 24 - 2．6．1广义坐标的选择 .......................................................................................... - 24 - 2．6．2动力学方程的建立及解法........................................................................... - 24 - 2．6．3静力学分析 .................................................................................................. - 29 - 2．6．4运动学分析 .................................................................................................. - 29 - 2．6．5初始条件分析 .............................................................................................. - 30 - 2．7 多柔性体系统在ADAMS中的动力学建模 ............................................................ - 33 - 2．7．1 柔性体上点的位置向量、速度和加速度 .................................................. - 33 - 2．7．2多柔性体系统动力学方程的建立 ............................................................... - 35 - 2．7．3多柔性体运动学的建立 .............................................................................. - 38 -
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