发布时间 : 星期五 文章2020届高考英语全优二轮复习训练：专题四 语法填空更新完毕开始阅读12bd39a553e79b89680203d8ce2f0066f4336456
专题四
【单句基础练】
考点一 有提示词
1．Yoga does help people become________(health)．
2．She took me from a poor, unhappy college student and________(bring) me into her world, a world of smiles, love and________(warm)．
3．The developers say________(it) learning ability may someday let computers help solve real－world problems.
4．But that didn't prevent the boy from becoming one of the ________(great) composers of all time.
5．Expectedly, Jim________(inform) that he got the job eventually.
6．Before she could express her thanks to us my daughter gave her the food we________(buy) for the trip.
7．________(complete) the project as planned, we'll have to work two more hours a day. 8．When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed，________(tell) me stories till I fell asleep.
9．The bridge________(build) in 2012 was designed by a local company. 【答案】
1．healthy become之后表示“变得……”，应用形容词作表语，故填healthy。 2．brought；warmth 第一空所填之词与took为并列关系，应用过去式brought；第二空与smiles和love为并列关系，故填名词warmth。
3．its 代词修饰其后的名词learning ability应用所有格，故填its。 4．greatest 表示“最……之一”应用最高级，故用greatest。
5．was informed Jim与inform为动宾关系，再根据got可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故用was informed。
6．had bought buy所表示的动作应在gave所表示的动作之前，为“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。
7．To complete 空格处表示目的，故使用不定式形式。
8．telling tell与句子主语my mother构成主动关系，故使用现在分词作伴随状语。 9．built build与被修饰的名词the bridge构成被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语。 考点二 无提示词
1．Now, years later, this river is one of________most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
2．But the river wasn't changed in a few days________even a few months. 3．Maybe you have a habit________is driving your family crazy.
4．I got a place next________the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk.
5．There they met people from other parts of the country，________had also volunteered to help.
6．Do you know why? It's________happiness stands for sweetness in most people's minds. 7．This is because it's________we call “a leap year”．
8．Finally I found that she was trying to ask me________I had an extra pen. 9．________you know, we have arranged a trip to the art gallery. 10．I will appreciate________if you give me a hand to solve the problems.
11．Doctors and researchers can see it happening，________they cannot provide a description of why it started.
【答案】
1．the 后面的“most outstanding”为最高级，其前面要用定冠词the。
2．or “a few days”和“a few months”为并列关系，且此句是否定句，因此要用or连接。 3．that/which 定语从句的先行词为前面的habit，因此要用that或which引导。 4．to next to是固定短语，意为“挨着”。
5．who 根据空格后面的部分可知，先行词应为people，非限制性定语从句的引导词只能用who。
6．because 根据前句中的why可判定应用because。
7．what 所填的词引导表语从句，且在从句中作call的宾语，故用what。
8．whether/if 句意：最后我发现，她想问我是否我有备用的钢笔。故用whether/if。 9．As 引导定语从句位于句首，表示“正如”使用关系代词as。
10．it I will appreciate it if…为固定句式，意为“如果……，我将不胜感激”。 11．but 前后为转折关系，故用but。
【真题达标组】
A
(2019全国卷Ⅲ)
On our way to the house, it was raining 1.________ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take 2.________ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City. We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 3.________ dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 4.________ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 5.________ (recommend)wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya(木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the back yard.
When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 6.________ (compete)to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 7.________ (tradition)stories about Hawaii that were 8.________ (huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our week－long stay, we 9.________ (invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 10.________ (listen)to musicians and
meeting interesting locals.
【语篇解读】作者介绍了他们在 Pearl City被当地人们热情款待的过程。 1．so so…that…是固定搭配，意为“如此……以致于……”。 2．to get 该句式中it作形式主语，使用不定式后置作真正的主语。 3．of a pack of意为“一群”。
4．who 此句为定语从句，先行词masters指人，在从句中作主语，因此关系词用who。 5．recommended and连接两个并列的句子，前后时态要保持一致。 6．competition 冠词an修饰名词，故此处应用compete的名词形式。 7．traditional 此空作定语修饰后面的名词stories，故应用形容词。 8．hugely 此空修饰形容词popular，故应用副词。
9．were invited 此处表示“我们被邀请”，而且全文都是过去时态，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
10．listening 此处用现在分词作伴随状语。
B
(2018 全国卷Ⅲ)
I'm not sure 1.______ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere.I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic.Unexpectedly, I'm face－to－face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 2.______ top of her lungs.That makes her baby scream, and then a 400－pound male appears.He screams the 3.______ (loud) of all.The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 4.______(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel 5.______ (challenge)．
My name is Mireya Mayor.I'm a 6.______(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.I was searching 7.______ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing.No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 8.______(they) alive.True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal 9.______(mean)me no real harm.He was just saying: “I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder！” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 10.______ (stay)and watch. 【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在中非偶遇大猩猩，彼此惊恐的经历。 1．which 句意：我不确定哪一个更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示选择，所以用which表示“哪一个”
2．the 此处为固定短语“at the top of”，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。 3．loudest 根据后面的“of all”可知，他的声音最大，所以用最高级loudest。 4．looking 动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。 5．challenged 根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战性。feel为感官动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。
6．scientist 根据语境可知，“我”是一名科学家。scientist科学家。
7．for search for是固定搭配，表示“寻找”，表示“我”在寻找“我”研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。
8．them 此处做find 的宾语，所以用宾格them。
9．meant 分析本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少谓语，再根据文章时态可知要用一般过去时，所以用meant。
10．to stay 固定短语allow sb. to do“允许某人做某事”，应该用to stay。
C
(2017全国卷Ⅰ)
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt.This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)1.______a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side2.______(effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet.They are required3.______(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.When fat and salt4.______(remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something.As5.______result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.Even6.______(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.Fast food7.______(be) full of fat and salt; by8.______(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food.However, be9.______(care) not to go to extremes.Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both，10.______is not good for the health. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分，人们的态度不一。脂肪和盐分对于健康来说是必不可少的，但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分，自身的健康将会受到损害。
1．as 句意：这一趋势最初始于医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。as表示“作为，以……身份”，故填as。
2．effects 根据前文的some可知，“side effect”有很多，故填effects。
3．to process 句型require sb. to do sth. 意为“要求某人做某事”，其被动形式为“sb. be required to do sth.”
4．are removed fat，salt和move之间是被动关系，脂肪和盐分是两种东西，故使用被动语态are removed。
5．a as a result为固定搭配，意为“结果”。
6．worse 句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了，故填worse。
7．is 句意：快餐食物中满是脂肪和盐。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式，故填is。
8．eating 句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。根据前文中的by可知此处应该填－ing分词，故填eating。
9．careful 句意：然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词作表语，