发布时间 : 星期日 文章《公共管理专业英语》部分课文翻译更新完毕开始阅读0ece9701336c1eb91b375d05
公开的。工作人员有三次被客户投诉的机会，处罚包括第一次批评，第二次扣奖金，第三次解雇。
Since district government powers have been transferred to the “supermarket”, the service items are wider than those formerly offered by the residential community, such as the approval of small loans to help the poor and victims of natural disasters; handling applications for subsidies if their living standards is below the poverty line; granting licenses to small restaurants; leasing newspaper booths and registering the unemployed. Apart from these services, the “supermarket” has also set up a training room, a law consultation room and a suggestion box, as well as a telephone hotline to answer questions. In addition, government leaders regularly visit the “supermarket” to interact with the public in person. 自从地方行政权力转到“超市”，服务项目比过去居委会提供的范围更大了，如对贫困户和突发自然灾害的小额贷款的审批，受理低保补助申请，小酒店许可证的核发，报刊摊位的出租和失业登记。除了这些服务，“超市”还提供一个服务间，一个咨询室和意见箱，一部回答问题的热线电话。另外，政府领导定期到“超市”同公众面对面交流。
Many citizens have expressed their satisfaction with the “supermarket”. 许多市民对“超市”表示满意。
“It quickly solves problems, and shortens the psychological distance between leaders and the masses. Surveys recently conducted in five ‘supermarkets’ indicated that citizens are satisfied with measures,” said Xu Xuwqin, who is in charge of the publicity of the Xiaguan residential community. “它很快解决问题，缩短了领导和群众之间的心理距离。对五个“超市”的调查表明群众对这些措施是满意的”许学琴，一名居委会宣传部门负责人说。
The “supermarket” of administrative service in Nanjing has exerted a positive influence to the entire country. Similar supermarkets have opened in Shenyang, Shanghai and Fuzhou. 南京这种行政服务“超市”已经在整个国家产生了正面的影响。在沈阳、上海和福州都建了类似的超市。 The “supermarket” in Shanghai, known as the Center of Residential Affairs, now has 80 branches in the entire city, offering more than 50 services. A civil affairs official said that in the next three years, every community and town would set up such as a “supermarket” to form a network covering the entire area. 上海的“超市”，作为居民事务的中心，现在整个城市有80个分支，提供50项服务。一名国内事务的政府官员说在未来三年，每一个社区和集镇都要建类似的“超市”以形成覆盖整个地区的网络。
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Media reports recently stated that relevant departments have planned to set up a multi-functional and multi-level service system throughout the country, which offers services on personnel matters, domicile registration, matrimonial registration, enterprise registration, tax payment, license distribution and the approval of land utilization. Service centers and related ranches will be set up in densely populated communities. Meanwhile, a standardized service network and unified regulations will also be established, and related workers will wear name tags for the benefit of customers. 媒体报道，有关部门已经计划在全国建设多功能、多层次的服务体系，以提供人事事务、居民登记、婚姻注册、企业登记交税、许可证的分配和土地使用权的审批。服务中心和有关的分支机构将被建在人口密集的社区。同时，标准的服务网络和统一的制度也将建立，相关工作都将在为将在为顾客的目标下进行。 “E-Government”电子政府
Placing government administrative affairs on the Internet appears to be a growing world trend for government working toward open administration. Resources on government work available on the Internet can be effectively utilized. Furthermore, this practice will enhance the transparency if the government, reduce administrative expense, improve work efficiency and facilitate the construction of a diligent and honest government. 将政府的行政事务在互联网上公布越来越成为世界上政府向公众公开事务的一种倾向。研究表明，提供在互联网的政府工作是被有效利用的。更重要的是，这个实践将提高政府的透明度，降低行政费用，提高工作效率并更利于数字政府和诚信政府的建设。
China has a long way to go before it can develop an online government. However, beginning in the mid-1980s when China first called for office automation, up until 1998 when China began to develop e-government project, it has promoted e-commerce in government departments, using the Internet to release information, handling day-to-day office business and offering other services. 中国在发展在线政府还有很长的路要走。然而，自80年代中期中国首先提出办公自动化到1998年开始发展电子政府项目，它已经促进政府部门的网上交流，日常办公事务的处理和提供其他帮助。
In recent years, China has rapidly developed the e-commerce development and implementation. Second, many government web sites with increasingly rich content and sophisticated functions have appeared. A recent survey stated that more than 2200 government web sites currently exist in the entire country, and have played a major role in driving the construction of information industry. 近年来，中国加快电子政府的发展。首先，工商部门，海关税务和公共安全部门已经率先加快电子政府的发展和设备配置步伐。其次，许多具有越来越多内容和高级功能的政府网站已经出现。最近的调查表明整个国家有2200个政府网站，已经在促进信息工业建设方面承担了主要角色。
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A bilingual web site, Chinashanghai, in both English and Chinese, was launched on September 28, 2001. it serves as a platform for government information dissemination for the benefit the citizens. “中国上海”，一个英汉双语网站，在2001年9月28日建成。它为市民提供政府信息传播服务平台。
Chinashanghai is devoted to the establishment of an “e-government.” Its home page, entitled Today’s Event, provides information on major activities and events, and reports on various hot topics of discussion. Pages containing government bulletins, government documents, regulations and other information have also been released. The Law and Regulations page introduces various rules and regulations, the Shanghai Brief page provides information on the least development trends in the city, and the Investment page offers information on the investment environment and various investment policies, explaining the urban construction plan, the development of the Pudong New Area, the development of development zones and investment projects. The Services page, on the other hand, provides information on topics more closely related to people’s lives, such as weather, transport, healthcare, education and tourism. This page also offers legal assistance to disadvantaged groups. The Business Guidance page provides useful information on competent institutions, as well as their addresses, contact details, procedures for handling certain affairs, and channels for dealing with lawsuits. Finally, the Handling Affairs Online page enables users to inquire on certain items, and download online forms and applications. “中国上海”致力于电子政府的创建。它的主页标有今日大事，提供主要活动和事件的信息，多种热点讨论话题的报道。页面包括政府公告，政府公文、规章和其它已公布的信息。法律规章的页面介绍了多种规章制度，网站的首页提供了城市最新发展趋势，投资页面提供投资环境信息和各种投资政策，说明城市建设规划、浦东新区的发展、开发区的发展和投资项目。另一方面，服务页面提供诸如天气、交通、保健、教育和旅游等更贴近百姓生活的内容。这一页也对弱势群体提供法律救助。商务导航页面提供有法定资格协会有用信息，如地址、联系方式、具体事务处理的程序、诉讼的渠道。最后，在线事务处理使用户能够咨询具体事务，在线下载表格和申请。
Chinashanghai will also connect with its affiliated stations to establish a better government network by the end of this year. In addition, Shanghai plans to set up a large portal within the next five years, which will be among China’s first-class ones and match international advanced level. By the end of the 10th Five-Year Plan period (2001-2005), all the government departments related to social management and services will be on the network. 到今年底，“中国上海”也将增加联网的附属站点以更好实现政府网络工作。另外，上海计划在下一个五年建立一个在中国处于一流、达到世界水平的大型门户网站。至第十个五年计划期末，所有的与社会管理和服务的政府部门都要实现网上工作。
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Open Urban Planning公开城市建设规划
Over the past two years, Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin have made public their city construction plan, a change from their former closed-door working style. The procedures and timetable for the examination and approval of projects, regulations and laws, and technological indexes in relation to the projects are now also out in the open, much to the great enthusiasm of the citizens. 过去两年间，北京，上海和天津已经公布了他们的城市建设规划，这和以前的关门工作是个改变。项目申报审批的程序和时间、规章制度、项目相关的技术流程标准现在都公开，更多是广大热心的市民。
Last October, Beijing held an exhibition on the overall city planning. During holidays and weekends, the 3000-square0meter hall received about 1500 people each day. “We have not expected so many citizens to be so interested in city planning,” said Qiu Yue, a member of the Beijing Municipal City Planning Committee. 去年10月，北京举行了城市整体建设规划展览会。在节假日和周日，平方米的展览厅每天接待1500名来访者。“我们没有想到有这么多市民对城市建设规划感兴趣。”邱越，北京市城市规划委员会的工作人员说。
Many visitors filled thick suggestion books with feedback, providing constructive ideas, such as building another world trade center in the north; retaining the lay-out of the narrow alleys and the courtyard homes; and informing citizens on city construction projects on time. The exhibition organizers then sorted the suggestions and delivered them to the decision-making department. 许多来访者写了厚厚的建议，提出了建设性的建议，如在北部建设另一个世界贸易中心，及时将城市建设项目通知市民。随后，展览会的组织者整理了这些建议，将它们提供给了决策部门。
“Beijing city planning to the public shows the government’s determination to promote the opening up of administration affairs, and this is a significant development,” said a visitor. “将北京城市建设规划向公众展示表明了政府在促进行政事务开放的决心，这是一个有重要意义的进步”以名来访者说。
Zhou Chang, Secretary general of the China Architectural Society, agreed. “The opening up of the urban planning process can improve things greatly, as major decisions will go through the approval of experts, the suggestions of citizens and the supervision of the media,” said Zhou. 周畅，中国建筑协会秘书长同意这种观点。他说“城市规划的公开程序会使极大促进规划工作，因为决策要经过专家的审核、市民的建议和舆论的监督”
Shan Qixiang, director of the Beijing Municipal City Planning Committee, said the opinions of the both experts and the masses will be pooled together before a decision on any important plans for urban c
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