发布时间 : 星期一 文章arpa目标跟踪及算法研究更新完毕开始阅读082ea226192e45361066f50b
（航海技术专业本科生）
毕 业 专 题 论 文
中文题目
ARPA目标跟踪及算法研究
英文题目 ARPA target tracking and Algorithms
作者姓名 所在专业 所在班级 申请学位 指导教师
张涛 航海技术 航海1061班 工学学士 王思思
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广东海洋大学2010届本科生毕业专题论文
毕业专题论文成绩评定
指导教师评语： 指导教师(签名) 年 月 日 答辩小组评语： 答辩小组组长(签名) 年 月 日 毕业论文 （设计） 成绩 系主任 （签名） 审批单位 （盖章） 年 月 日 年 月 日
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目录
1绪论 ································································································································································································1 1.1 航海雷达数据处理的目的········································································································· 1 1.2 ARPA目标跟踪的意义和发展现状 ····························································································· 1 2. ARPA雷达目标跟踪的原理·················································································································································2 2.1目标跟踪原理简介···················································································································· 2 2.2实现自动跟踪的方法 ················································································································ 3 2.2.1 航迹相关 ·························································································································· 3 2.2.2 航迹外推 ·························································································································· 4 3 ARPA目标跟踪算法及精度··················································································································································7 3．2 影响跟踪性能的因素 ·······················································································································································9
3.2.1 ?、?取值对跟踪性能的影响 ···························································································· 9 3.2.2 自适应的?、?取值法 ······································································································ 10 4 一种改进算法——自适应滤波 ······································································································································ 10 5结论 ······························································································································································································11 鸣谢································································································································································································· 12 参考文献 ······················································································································································································· 12
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广东海洋大学2010届本科生毕业专题论文
ARPA目标跟踪及算法研究
航海技术，200611811125，张涛
指导老师：王思思
摘要：kalman滤波电子技术在船用雷达导航，对目标定位跟踪中广泛运用。在雷达数据处理中，目标跟踪又是非常重要的。ARPA对目标跟踪的难点在于目标的不确定性，包括目标的机动性和多目标的问题。鉴于目标的不可预知性，为了防止跟踪丢失，必须对普通的滤波算法进行调整，自适应滤波是一个很自然的思路。本文首先讨论了雷达数据处理中基本的原理，然后是线性滤波方法，包括卡尔曼滤波(Kalman filter，KF) 滤波，α-β滤波方法，重点是α-β滤波方法，因为它在雷达ARPA实现自动跟踪目标中广泛使用。但是，由于在船舶或目标船机动（出现加速度，即不是在线性条件下时）跟踪的效果较差且容易丢失目标，所以本文将提出一种改进算法，即变增益α-β滤波器，又称自适应α-β滤波器。 关键词：船用雷达，α-β滤波，目标跟踪原理和方法，自适应滤波
kalman filtering of electronic technology in marine navigation radar, the target location and tracking is widely used. In the radar data processing, target tracking is very important. ARPA target tracking difficulty is the uncertainty of goals, including the target of mobility and multi-objective problem. Given the unpredictability of targets, in order to prevent track loss, average filtering algorithm must be adjusted, adaptive filtering is a natural way of thinking. This article first discusses the basic radar data processing principles, and then linear filtering methods, including Kalman filtering (Kalman filter, KF) filter, α-β filter, focusing α-β filter, because it ARPA radar automatic target tracking is widely used. However, due to the ship or target ship maneuver (acceleration appears that when conditions are not linear) tracking are less effective and easy to lose goals, so this article will present an improved algorithm, that is, variable gain α-β filter, then said adaptive α-β filter.
1绪论
1.1 航海雷达数据处理的目的
ARPA目标的自动检测、录取和跟踪是雷达数据处理的前提，概括来讲雷达数据处理的目的就是最大限度地提取目标的坐标信息，以便对控制区域内目标的运动轨迹进行估计，实现对目标的高精度跟踪,从而运用于船舶避碰、定位和导航。ARPA目标跟踪为其中一环重要步骤，是对时变参数的滤波处理过程。
1.2 ARPA目标跟踪的意义和发展现状
观测目标位置的相继变化以建立其运动的过程，称为ARPA“目标跟踪”，ARPA利用目标运动的相关性，将各目标新的点迹数据分别连成各目标的航迹，并判断各目标的运动规律，之后就可以进行自动标绘，从而可以估计局面、判断碰撞危险来提高船舶航行安全，提高航运效率及保护水域环境。
随着电子技术的发展，机动目标跟踪理论有了很大的发展，尤其是在跟踪算法的研究上，理论更是日趋成熟。在跟踪算法中，主要有线性自回归滤波，两点外推滤波，维纳
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